Ma`rifat Kalami

This research critiques the theoretical foundations of Feuerbach’s “The Essence of Christianity”. By analyzing Feuerbach’s assertions in the book, the study evaluates their coherence and validity. Given the importance of this book and the profound influence of Feuerbach’s humanistic ideas on the tradition of critiquing regions, Western thinkers, a rigorous critical examination of his ideas is imperative. The findings indicate that while Feuerbach’s claims in The Essence of Christianity are thought-provoking and occasionally reflective of reality, they suffer from internal contradictions, incomplete induction, and arbitrary assertions lacking coherence and rational evidence. Feuerbach can be viewed as a secular reformer of religion who critiques religious knowledge with the aim of negation rather than constructive engagement. In other words, in practice, Feuerbach's work can be considered a service to religion, in parallel with the work of true religious reformers. Based on the present research, it also becomes clear that, from a different perspective, Bach proposes to solve the problem of religion and traditional theology by moving away from religion due to its pre-modernity, transforming religious theology into religious anthropology, and ultimately turning to materialist and pantheistic philosophy in the modern world.