Ma`rifat Kalami

The scientific study of extraordinary phenomena (such as near-death experiences, out-of-body experiences, telepathy, spirit summoning, and precognitive dreams) faces methodological deadlocks due to conflicting perspectives, the unique nature of the phenomena, and prevalent biases. This article aims to present a new and integrated methodological framework to overcome these challenges and provide a basis for more coherent research. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The proposed framework is based on strategic principles such as the fair distribution of the burden of proof between proponents and skeptics, rejecting promissory materialism in favor of the best current evidence, and a networked approach to existing knowledge (including empirical, rational, and other types). This framework emphasizes the acceptance of indirect observation (through measurable and verifiable effects), redefining the concept of repeatability (as the recurrence of similar patterns rather than identical results), and revising evaluation criteria to better suit the subject matter. The conclusion is that this approach seeks to establish a more coherent, objective, and impartial pathway for investigating this field and contributes to a deeper understanding of these phenomena and their potential implications.