معرفت کلامی

The question of the miraculous nature of pre-Qur’anic scriptures—particularly the original Torah and Gospel—has remained largely neglected in Islamic theological discourse. The theory denying the inimitability of these scriptures emerged based on specific theological premises and has significantly influenced how their revelatory status is understood. Examining and critically evaluating the foundations of this theory is essential, as any position on the possibility or impossibility of their inimitability ultimately depends on the validity of these premises. This study adopts an analytical-critical approach to identify and reconstruct the core assumptions of the theory—namely, the absence of supernatural events, the lack of challenge (taḥaddī), the possibility of counter-production (muʿāraḍa), and the denial of universality. It then critically assesses these premises from both rational and scriptural perspectives. The findings suggest that the aforementioned assumptions lack sufficient evidentiary strength and are inconsistent with sound theological reasoning and Qur’anic indicators. Accordingly, the theory denying the inimitability of the original Torah and Gospel lacks theoretical coherence and calls for fundamental revision.