معرفت کلامی

The subject of attributing of man to God is raised in the verses of the Holy Qur'an. At first glance, this seems to be inconsistent with divine justice and man’s free will; therefore, Muslims thinkers have tried to resolve this conflict presenting various opinions. Using this study which based on descriptive-critical data processing, aims at explaining the exact meaning of divine misguidance and examining, the intellectual approach adopted by Shiite and Mu'tazilite schools in the light of "Allameh Tabatabai" and "Jarullah Zamakhshari’s views". Both thinkers hold that divine misguidance is represented in not on forwarding to the desired objective, lack of grace, one in the wrong way, for punishment man’s misconduct and man’s freedom of choices; but Allameh has explains through process with a precise philosophical and view. Regarding the area of man’s free will in voluntary actions he considers the doctrine that man’s action is something “between determination and free will” to be in agreement with Islamic ontological principles. On the other hand, Zamakhshari thinks man has free will in actions. They, however, do not have difference of opinion over the question of divine misguidance which is inevitable result of man’s bad choice and is considered within the domain of divine action and they do not consider this question to be contrary to human free will and divine justice. This article clearly examines how to prove and compare the views of the two thinkers